WOW, much basic, but not intuitive. For servers, check whether the motherboard can support Windows 10 first. Brute forcing an uncertified Operating System installation can lead to incompatability issues. For Windows, most notably, the infamous BSOD (Blue Screen of Death).
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Using 'Restore Optimized Defaults' post-Win10 installation
Windows would not boot without Splash screen/BIOS intervention.
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title | Reason: Re-ordered boot options; it took 'Windows Boot Manager' from 1st boot option |
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Image Added Switching the Windows Boot Manager as Boot Option #1 resolved the boot issue. |
Non-UEFI USB Boot Media installation - selecting M.2 drive to install Win10 Pro
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title | All hardware drivers installed - no warning flags |
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Windows 10 Onboard/Offboard display channels and Graphics Card interactions
Coming from default 'Optomized' BIOS settings, Windows will display the Onboard VGA as a display option. I can also use both the onboard VGA and offboard PCI-e display device (Graphics Card) simultaneously. To avoid integrated CPU graphics from being used for display or calculation, you will need to set the system to use Offboard video display in BIOS.
Onboard/Offboard channels for servers
Whole article about it here: System boot times, and Onboard and Offboard video display channels
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Graphics Card interactions with Onboard/Offboard display channels
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BIOS Onboard - Single display - Onboard VGA Expand |
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BIOS Onboard - Dual display - Onboard VGA and Graphics Card Expand |
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title | Click here to expanSettingsd... |
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| NVIDIA driver only detects displaay plugged into the Graphics Card, of course. Image Added Windows display settings detects both Image Added |
GPU Burn-in with Onboard/Offboard video display channels Expand |
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title | BIOS unsafe-Onboard - FurMark detects all display adapters |
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title | BIOS Offboard - FurMark detects GPU unsafe-only |
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| Image Added Onboard VGA port only shows the manufacturer motherboard splash screen, so it is not being detected as a display or usable GPU in Windows. Image Added Additionally, Windows Display settings does not detect the onboard display. Image Added |
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Windows 10 Install Notes
For servers that are expected to be on 24/7, disable hibernation. Make sure Windows does not hibernate or power off installed hardware components after a period of time, or that any of the system's front panel (power/reset) buttons hibernate the system. Linux or Windows, hibernation mode messes with the hardware initialization of installed components, and typically results in blank screen while system remains powered on, missing devices (GPU/PCI-e), or remote connectivity issues when attempting to wake the system back up; rebooting would be necessary to have the system properly initialize hardware again.
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title | Quick example via cmd |
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Check in settings for whether you want the screen to turn off as well.
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Enable remote desktop in settings if you plan on installing this system at a remote location - Remote Desktop Connection (RDC/RDP). Alternatively, make sure your preference of remote dekstop connection app works with this system before racking or installing remotely.
System IT/Admin will have their security protocols or workflows that would need to be applied to the system immediately before handing off to users. If this is a home system, Windows Security is enabled, and is usually all you need. Any off-the-store-shelf computer may come with bloatware that disables Windows Security (e.g. McAfee/Norton).
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- ninite.com is my go-to after fresh Win10 installations, and after updates. Exxact mainly ensures that Windows 10 is installed and fully up-to-date, but you can visit ninite to add-on helpful tools and developer packages, such as:
- (Google) Chrome
- Teamviewer
- Developer Tools (Python)
- Java
- Blender
- WinRAR
- Online Storage (Dropbox/Google Drive/OneDrive)
Benefit of Linux, right after fresh installation, is that the onboard network ports are highly likely of already being detected, and are already work if I enabled them through Linux OS installer, or even in the settings without updating the OS at all. I could also query the installed hardware without drivers.
- Taking this into account, that is giving another point of failure for each hardware
- Exxact doesn't make Windows, nor Linux. Exxact assembles HPC's and servers using various hardware components, and then apply Operating System installations towards HPC/servers
- Why Linux is used in >90% of supercomputer
- "Supercomputers seek to maximize performance. Usually supercomputers are assigned with jobs that require computation at a very high speed. When compared to Windows, Windows has number of extraneous processes that are unnecessary and only degrade the supercomputer performance However as Windows is proprietary the code cannot be altered to cut off unnecessary processes. With Linux it is certainly possible which gives a performance boost to computers."